How to care for a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus during an acute illness
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.13112/pc.1240Keywords:
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Acute Disease; Child; AdolescentAbstract
Diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM1) is an autoimmune disease that results in the loss of endogenous insulin production. The treatment paradigm for DM1 has changed significantly in recent years, and the use of new technologies, including real-time continuous glucose monitoring and insulin pumps, has provided significantly better disease control. Despite this, the care of children and adolescents during acute illness remains a major burden for parents and children, but also for healthcare professionals. Most often, glucose levels increase during acute illness, but in most cases, ketone levels also increase. In contrast, acute gastrointestinal illnesses (diarrhea and vomiting) can lower glucose levels with an increased risk of hypoglycemia. The aim of this review article is to present new insights into the treatment and management of acute illnesses in pediatric patients with DM1.
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